{"id":5166,"date":"2023-01-16T13:12:14","date_gmt":"2023-01-16T09:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/amoozal.com\/mag\/?p=5166"},"modified":"2023-01-28T11:16:30","modified_gmt":"2023-01-28T07:46:30","slug":"what-is-gothic-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.amoozal.com\/what-is-gothic-architecture\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\"\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\"\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc (Stained Glass)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 Chartres \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0637\u0631\u062d Rose Window \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f3 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0642\u0627\u0628<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u0642\u0648\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0642\u0648\u0633<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062d\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0622\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0633\u0642\u0641<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u067e\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u067e\u0634\u062a<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062c\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u00bb \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Opus Francigenum \u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u06cc\u00bb \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0647 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a. \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u00ab\u06af\u0648\u062a\u00bb \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a. \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06af\u0627\u0646<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Aisle:<\/strong> \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arcade:<\/strong> \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Choir:<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spire:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u06cc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transept<\/strong>: \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0645\u062d\u0644
\u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 Crossing Tower \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ribbed Vault:<\/strong> \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flying Buttress<\/strong>: \u067e\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pointed Arch:<\/strong> \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 (\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u06cc\u0632)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pillar:<\/strong> \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. Pillar \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Column:<\/strong> \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u0638\u06cc\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a
\u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

External Buttress:<\/strong> \u067e\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clerestory: <\/strong>\u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Triforium:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0636 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u200c\u0639\u0631\u0636\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u067e\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a
\u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pinnacle:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vaulting Web:<\/strong> \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diagonal Rib: <\/strong>\u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transverse Rib:<\/strong> \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oculus: <\/strong>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0634\u0645\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lancet: <\/strong>\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nave Arcade: <\/strong>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Compound Pier with Responds:<\/strong> \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (Respond \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u0646\u06af \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0-\u06f1\u06f1\u06f2\u06f0)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 (\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633) \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0648\u0647\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f1\u06f4\u06f0 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u062f. \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633 (\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f3\u06f4\u06f5-\u06f1\u06f1\u06f6\u06f3) \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0648\u0646 (\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f2\u06f1\u06f5-\u06f1\u06f1\u06f1\u06f2) \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f. \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0641\u060c \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 Clerestory \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0641\u0642\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0633\u0645\u0647\u200c\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 Rayonnant (1280-1200)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 (Pinnacles) \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u062f. \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0628\u064f\u0631\u06cc (Moldings) \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 (Tracery) \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0642\u0627\u0628<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u06af\u0644 \u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc Reims\u060c Amiens\u060c Bourges \u0648 Beauvais \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u062a \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 Bouges<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0647 (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f1\u06f1\u06f9\u06f5 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f7\u06f5) \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc S.Chappele <\/strong>\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633 (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f1\u06f2\u06f4\u06f2 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f4\u06f8) \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0637\u0627\u0642\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0646\u06af \u0622\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 Flamboyant (1280-1500)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f8\u06f0 \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0634\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f5\u06f0\u06f0 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u0650 \u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc S \u0634\u06a9\u0644 (\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f) \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u200c\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u067e\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646-\u0622\u0646-\u0634\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0626\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc Henry VII \u062f\u0631 Westminster Abbey<\/strong> \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u2013 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f1\u06f5\u06f0\u06f3 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f5\u06f1\u06f9 \u2013 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc (Perpendicular Gothic) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648  \u0622\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc King\u2019s College <\/strong>\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f5\u06f1\u06f5) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0646\u0626\u0648\u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u06f1\u06f9 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0633\u0628\u06a9<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc Trinity \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/strong> (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f4\u06f6) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0642\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0686\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u06af\u0686 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u0634 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0644\u0648 \u0648 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0644 \u0631\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u06f1\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0634\u06cc\u0634\u0647<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/a> \u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u06f1\u06f2 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0647\u0627 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